Ok, im just now seeing this. Absolute lowball budget, my recording setup is a desktop from Rent-a-center through one of these..
Line 6 Guitar Port USB Electric Guitar Audio Interface | eBay
Now if you just find the device itself, thats fine. CD wont do anything for you anyways and all it takes is a printer chord that goes into a usb on the computer, once you download the drivers from the line 6 website. it has all the amp sims and effects you will ever want, you can add your own pedals into the chain and they come out really well. i plug my bass amp in through the DI on the amp itself and i just shut off the amp sims when i want to do things with a real amp. in any case. now you'll need a DAW, I use Reaper, you can download it for free and it does absolutely everything you need. Really when it comes to recording, RAM is the most important aspect. but yea, my guitars are directly through that device except i'll occasionally throw my wah in. I do send my stuff in to get mixed and mastered but do you need to do that? if its just a hobby no, or if you know how to yourself you can but thats a whole other science that my ADHD prevents me from getting into.
final results? keep in mind, everything is recorded onto reaper